| Aikido Terminology |
| Terms used in Aikido and their meanings: |
| Japanese Terms | English Translations |
| Ai | Harmony/Love |
| Ki | Vital energy |
| Irimi | Entry |
| Tenkan | Turn |
| Nage | Throw |
| Kokyu | Breath Power |
| Omote | Inner |
| Ura | Outer |
| Kamae | |
| Ma-ai | Distance |
| Shikko | Knee Walking |
| Ukemi | Breakfall |
| Uke | Partner who receives technique |
| Tori | Partner who gives technique |
| Suwariwaza | Kneeling technique |
| Tachiwaza | Standing technique |
| Hanmihandachi-wazza | Uke standing Tori Kneeling |
| Explanation of attack types: |
| Attack Type | Description |
| AI-HANMI-KATATE DORI | Uke takes right wrist with their right hand or vice versa |
| GYAKUHANMI KATATE DORI | Uke takes right wrist with their left hand or vice versa |
| KATA DORI | Uke grasps Toris shoulder |
| KATA DORI MENUCHI | As above with downward strike to head |
| MUNA DORI | Uke grasps Toris Chest |
| MUNA DORI MENUCHI | As above with strike to head |
| SHOMEN UCHI | Downward strike to centre of head |
| YOKOMEN UNCHI | Strike to side of head |
| CHUDAN TSUK (SKI) | Strike to stomach with fist |
| JODAN TSUKI (SKI) | Strike to face or neck with fist |
| USHIRO KATATE ERI DORI | Uke grabs Tori’s wrist and collar from behind |
| KATATE RYOTE DORI | Uke grabs one of Toris wrists with two hands |
| RYOTE DORI | Uke grabs both of Toris wrists with two hands |
| USHIRO RYOTE DORI | As above except that Uke is behind Tori |
| USHIRO TYO KATATE DORI | Uke grabs both of Tori’s shoulders from behind |
| USHIRO KATATE DORI KUBI SHIME | Wrist grasp and stranglehold from behind |
| USHIRO RYOHIJI DORI | Both elbows grabbed from behind |
| MAEGIRI | Front Kick |
| Basic Techniques used in Aikido |
| Aikido Techniques | Description |
| IKKYO | Uke controlled by arm bar pin |
| NIKKYO | Uke controlled by wrist in U-turn |
| SANKYO | Uke controlled by wrist twist into elbow |
| YONKYO | Uke controlled – attack to pressure point in the wrist |
| GOKYO | Uke controlled by arm stretching/knife taking |
| ROKKYO HIJIKIMEOSAE | Uke controlled by arm smashing |
| KOTE GAESHI | Wrist out turn throw |
| IRIMI NAGE | Entry throw |
| KAITEN NAGE ISOTO UCHI | Rotary throw |
| TENCHI NAGE | Heaven & Earth throw |
| KOKYU NAGE | Breath throw |
| SHIHO NAGE | Four direction throw |
| UDEKIMENAGE | Projection from elbow or under arm |
| KOSHINAGE | Hip throw |
| KOKYO HO | Breathing exercise |
| USHIRO KIRIOTOSHI | Throw from behind |
|
| Hakama, black or navy pleated pants worn over Keiko-Gi. The seven folds have the following symbolical meanings. |
| 1. Yuki – courage, valour, bravery |
| 2. Jin – humanity, charity, benevolence |
| 3. Gi – justice, righteousness, integrity |
| 4. Rei – etiquette, courtesy, civility (obedience) |
| 5. Makoto – sincerity, honesty, reality |
| 6. Chugi – loyalty, fidelity, devotion |
| 7. Meiyo – honour, dignity, prestige |
| At the Circle of Harmony Dojo Hakama may be given to a student when he/she reaches 4th que provided they have earned it through practice. |
