Terminolgy

Aikido Terminology
Terms used in Aikido and their meanings:
Japanese TermsEnglish Translations
AiHarmony/Love
KiVital energy
IrimiEntry
TenkanTurn
NageThrow
KokyuBreath Power
OmoteInner
UraOuter
Kamae
Ma-aiDistance
ShikkoKnee Walking
UkemiBreakfall
UkePartner who receives technique
ToriPartner who gives technique
SuwariwazaKneeling technique
TachiwazaStanding technique
Hanmihandachi-wazzaUke standing Tori Kneeling
Explanation of attack types:
Attack TypeDescription
AI-HANMI-KATATE DORIUke takes right wrist with their right hand or vice versa
GYAKUHANMI KATATE DORIUke takes right wrist with their left hand or vice versa
KATA DORIUke grasps Toris shoulder
KATA DORI MENUCHIAs above with downward strike to head
MUNA DORIUke grasps Toris Chest
MUNA DORI MENUCHIAs above with strike to head
SHOMEN UCHIDownward strike to centre of head
YOKOMEN UNCHIStrike to side of head
CHUDAN TSUK (SKI)Strike to stomach with fist
JODAN TSUKI (SKI)Strike to face or neck with fist
USHIRO KATATE ERI DORIUke grabs Tori’s wrist and collar from behind
KATATE RYOTE DORIUke grabs one of Toris wrists with two hands
RYOTE DORIUke grabs both of Toris wrists with two hands
USHIRO RYOTE DORIAs above except that Uke is behind Tori
USHIRO TYO KATATE DORIUke grabs both of Tori’s shoulders from behind
USHIRO KATATE DORI KUBI SHIMEWrist grasp and stranglehold from behind
USHIRO RYOHIJI DORIBoth elbows grabbed from behind
MAEGIRIFront Kick
Basic Techniques used in Aikido
Aikido TechniquesDescription
IKKYOUke controlled by arm bar pin
NIKKYOUke controlled by wrist in U-turn
SANKYOUke controlled by wrist twist into elbow
YONKYOUke controlled – attack to pressure point in the wrist
GOKYOUke controlled by arm stretching/knife taking
ROKKYO HIJIKIMEOSAEUke controlled by arm smashing
KOTE GAESHIWrist out turn throw
IRIMI NAGEEntry throw
KAITEN NAGE ISOTO UCHIRotary throw
TENCHI NAGEHeaven & Earth throw
KOKYU NAGEBreath throw
SHIHO NAGEFour direction throw
UDEKIMENAGEProjection from elbow or under arm
KOSHINAGEHip throw
KOKYO HOBreathing exercise
USHIRO KIRIOTOSHIThrow from behind
Hakama, black or navy pleated pants worn over Keiko-Gi. The seven folds have the following symbolical meanings.
1. Yuki – courage, valour, bravery
2. Jin – humanity, charity, benevolence
3. Gi – justice, righteousness, integrity
4. Rei – etiquette, courtesy, civility (obedience)
5. Makoto – sincerity, honesty, reality
6. Chugi – loyalty, fidelity, devotion
7. Meiyo – honour, dignity, prestige
At the Circle of Harmony Dojo Hakama may be given to a student when he/she reaches 4th que provided they have earned it through practice.
aikido terminology